Calluses under the feet are a constant source of pain and frustration There are often misunderstandings about this that can be treated, as many people assume they can only be cut. This article will discuss what actually can be done to provide treatment, and eliminate some of the myths surrounding their treatment.
Calluses on the bottom of the foot are from natural processes designed to protect the skin from excessive pressure. This excess pressure can come from several sources. Externally, pressure can come from just walking or standing on the ground, whether someone is in the shoes or not. The shoe itself can also be a source of external pressure, though this is commonly seen producing corn on the top of the toes (which is the same type as the callus). Internally, pressure can come from the bone located beneath the skin. If the bone does not stand out due to instability of the foot structure (such as a lump or flat foot), or if the skin and padding beneath the bone is abnormal, then the pressure will rise on the back skin. The skin is usually irritated by sources of internal and external pressure at the same time, where external pressure from the joint is combined with the internal pressure of the prominent bone or thin skin in response to skin tissue. This reaction causes the skin to form a thickening of the outer layer of the cell based on keratin, which complements it to form various layers.
Over time, callus (also known as hyperkeratosis) develops when the skin becomes too thick at the pressure point. This case, if it is thick enough, can be painful because the original normal skin layer on the bottom of the callus is damaged by the pressure of the covering layer. What used to be a simple protective measure for the skin can be a source of pain and damage to the skin if the growth is long enough. Occasionally, callus grows inward toward the base layer of the skin, leading to the formation of thick, hard core tunnels (but not broken skin). This is also known as plantar keratosis which is difficult to reduce, and is often confused with warts. Finally, sweat and other skin glands can fill with keratin, forming a small pine callus called porokeratosis. This type of callus does not need to have a prominent bone beneath it to form, and it usually does not hurt.
Callus treatment is often misunderstood, and in fact quite complicated. The most common form of treatment is simple shaving by a self, a pedicurist, or a podiatrist. Hard skin thinning will make it easier to walk, and will reduce pain. However, the cause of the callus still exists, and the call will eventually come back in a month or two. This causes a great deal of confusion for some people, who only associate callus with temporary skin growth, and not something directly related to the structure and activity of their feet. The use of special foot padding or foot support to reduce pressure on the lower legs can help to limit the growth of the callus, when used in conjunction with the proper shaving and shoe shaving. Unfortunately, this will not permanently remove the callus, and will only serve to help reduce the overall thickness of the callus when it grows again. Even inserting prescription shoes (orthotics) will not permanently reduce calluses, though they do consider the callused area better than inserts purchased in storage by custom made footwear.
Keep in mind that diabetics should not try to manage their own callus. Due to the low sensation of diabetes, diabetics cut their own heels or have family members who are unable to try this at home can cause injuries and infections from accidental cuts to normal skin.
Some people think that callus can burn, like warts or other skin growth. The use of chemicals, lasers, cold treatments, and electricity to destroy skin growth is very common, and is often effective for other skin types. Unfortunately, this technique does not work well with callus tissue, as the growth of the callus is continuous, and is not based on the simple presence of abnormal skin cells that can be removed. Cervical tissue is a normal tissue, and any damaging procedure on this tissue will only work temporarily until skin growth begins, and callus rejuvenation. The only exception to this is porokeratosis, which can be removed if the underlying gland and gland are destroyed.
Surgical treatment is the next stage of care. This is another area where there is a great deal of confusion, and the myth of treatment abounds. In short, calluses cannot be cut or surgically removed, with the expectation that callus will not return. New skin that develops after surgery will continue to form a callus, and when combined with a surgical scar may be more painful than the original one. The only exception is porokeratosis, which can be successfully removed with surgery. The only way to get rid of the callus forever is to get rid of the underlying bone weakness, and to make sure the shoes are properly and properly padded to explain any skin and tissue thinning on these bones. There is a lot of bone in the foot that can cause it to stand out enough to irritate the skin, and there are many ways to deal with stress through surgery. Procedures can include the removal of steep bones too far to the bottom of the foot, the removal of additional bones that are naturally formed during development (very common), shaving or removal of bone flaps or loose fragments, or even the complete removal of stressful bone parts. Procedures for correcting the entire defect causing stress, such as bunions, or curvature, may be required. The healing time will vary, depending on whether the bone is simply shaved or extracted, or whether the bone position has been moved. This procedure generally removes callus formation if done correctly, although there is a risk of foot pressure to move to the next bone. Orthotics are often used after surgery to prevent this from happening.
As we can see, callus care is not just about shaving or cutting hard tissue. In fact, this myth does not work, and bone surgery is essential to keep the callus from becoming a practice in regular skin care through regular shaving and shoe insertion. This may provide some relief for some people. For others, surgery is needed to break the chronic pain cycle.
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